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Exploited Application of Bacillus spp. ETL-1979 for Degradation and Decolorization of Methyl Orange, Malachite Green and Congo Red

Maulin P Shah, Kavita A Patel, Sunu S Nair, A M Darji and Shaktisinh Maharaul

The local industrial dye waste water sample was collected from Final Effleunt Treatment Plant (FETP) of Ankelshwar, Gujarat, India for the isolation of dye degrading bacteria. The isolate ETL-1979 was selected based on its maximum decolorization of dyes Methyl orange, Congo red and Malachite green (each 150 mg/L). Phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence confirmed ETL-1979 as Bacillus sp. On physiochemical parameters optimization, Bacillus sp. ETL-1979 degraded 10.13% (0.15 mg/mL), 11.76% (0.11 mg/ mL) and 9.32% (0.8 mg/mL) of Methyl orange, Congo red and Malachite green, respectively within 2 h, whilst 100% degradation (2.97 mg/mL) at 18 h for Methyl orange, 100% (2.43 mg/mL) at 16 h for Congo red and 100% (3.18 mg/mL) at 20 h for Malachite green were recorded. The degraded products were found non-toxic in nature, while bacterial cells showed elongation and membrane rupturing under SEM taken from dye degraded media.